MicroMod GNSS Function Board - NEO-M9N Hookup Guide a learn.sparkfun.com tutorial

Available online at: http://sfe.io/t1999

Introduction

The u-blox NEO-M9N is a powerful GPS unit that now comes populated on a MicroMod Function Board! In this tutorial, we will quickly get you set up using it with the MicroMod ecosystem and Arduino so that you can start reading the output.

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SparkFun MicroMod GNSS Function Board - NEO-M9N

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The SparkFun NEO-M9N MicroMod GNSS Function Board is a high quality is a 92-channel u-blox M9 engine, geospatial board with ~…

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Required Materials

To follow along with this tutorial, you will need the following materials. You may not need everything though depending on what you have. Add it to your cart, read through the guide, and adjust the cart as necessary.

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SparkFun MicroMod GNSS Function Board - NEO-M9N

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The SparkFun NEO-M9N MicroMod GNSS Function Board is a high quality is a 92-channel u-blox M9 engine, geospatial board with ~…

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MicroMod Main Board

To hold the processor board and function board, you will need one Main Board. Depending on your application, you may choose to have one or two additional function boards.

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MicroMod Processor Board

There are a variety of MicroMod Processor Boards available to choose from. We recommend getting the ones that are Arduino compatible.

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MicroMod Function Board

To add additional functionality to your Processor Board, you'll want to include one or two function boards when connecting them to the Main Board. Besides the NEO-M9N, you could add an additional function board for your project if you have the Main Board - Double.

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SparkFun MicroMod GNSS Function Board - NEO-M9N

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The SparkFun NEO-M9N MicroMod GNSS Function Board is a high quality is a 92-channel u-blox M9 engine, geospatial board with ~…

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Tools

You will need a screw driver to secure the Processor and Function boards.

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Suggested Reading

If you aren't familiar with the MicroMod ecosystem, we recommend reading here for an overview.

MicroMod Ecosystem

If you aren’t familiar with the following concepts, we also recommend checking out a few of these tutorials before continuing. Make sure to check the respective hookup guides for your processor board and function board to ensure that you are installing the correct USB-to-serial converter. You may also need to follow additional instructions that are not outlined in this tutorial to install the appropriate software.

Hardware Overview

We've taken the u-blox NEO-M9N and broken the board out to a MicroMod Function Board! In this section, we will go over the main features of the Function Board.

For a detailed overview of the module, these integrated systems and how to use them, refer to the datasheet and integration manual linked in the Resources and Going Further.

Power

To power the board, you will need to apply power to a SparkFun Main Board. Power applied from the M.2 connector VCC line will be regulated down with the 3.3V/600mA AP2112K voltage regulator.

Communication Ports

The NEO-M9N has four communication ports. You can read NMEA data over I²C while you send configuration commands over the UART and vice/versa. The only limit is that the SPI pins are mapped onto the I²C and UART pins so it’s either SPI or I2C+UART. You will need select the port with the BUS SELECT jumper. The USB port is available at all times. There is a bilateral switch between the M.2 connector and the NEO-M9N's Serial, SPI, and I²C ports. The switch connects the appropriate port depending on the on the jumper position.

USB

The USB C connector is available for those that are interested in using the u-center software on a computer. There is a TVS diode between the USB port and NEO-M9N's USB data pins for protection.

I²C (a.k.a DDC)

The u-blox NEO-M9N has a “DDC” port which is really just an I²C port (without all the fuss of trademark issues). These pins are shared with the SPI pins. Connecting the DSEL pin to the Serial/I2C with the 2-pin jumper disables the SPI data bus while keeping the UART and I²C interface available.

UART/Serial

The classic serial pins are available on the NEO-M9N but are shared with the SPI pins. Connecting the DSEL pin to the Serial/I2C with the 2-pin jumper disables the SPI data bus while keeping the UART and I²C interface available.

• TXO/SDO = TX out from NEO-M9N
• RXI/SDI = RX into NEO-M9N

SPI

The NEO-M9N can also be configured for SPI communication. Connecting the DSEL pin to the SPI with the 2-pin jumper enables the SPI data bus thus disabling the UART functions on those lines. This also disables I²C interface.

Backup Battery

The small metal disk is a small lithium battery. This battery does not provide power to the IC like the 3.3V system does, but to relevant systems inside the IC that allow for a quick reconnection to satellites. The time to first fix will about ~29 seconds, but after it has a lock, that battery will allow for a two second time to first fix. This is known as a hot start and lasts for four hours after the board is powered down. The battery provides over a years worth of power to the backup system and charges slowly when the board is powered. To charge it to full, leave your module plugged in for 48 hours.

u.FL Connector

The MicroMod GNSS Function Board includes a u.FL connector for a secure connection with a patch antenna. Depending on the antenna, you may need a u.FL adapter to connect. The u.FL connector was added as a design choice for users that decide to place the MicroMod Main Board with the GNSS Function Board in an enclosure. With the u.FL adapter, the SMA connector can be mounted to the enclosure. For more information on working with u.FL connectors, we recommend checking out our tutorial about using u.FL connectors.

EEPROM

The board includes an I²C EEPROM. Unfortunately, this is not available for the user and was meant to hold board specific information.

LEDs

The board includes two status LEDs.

• 3V3: The 3V3 LED indicates when the board is powered. This LED is connected to the 3.3V line.
• PPS: The PPS LED is connected to the Pulse Per Second line. When connected to a satellite, this line generates a pulse that is synchronized with a GPS or UTC time grid. By default, you'll see one pulse a second.

Jumpers

The board includes a few jumpers to configure the NEO-M9N module. For more information, check out our tutorial on working with jumper pads and PCB traces.

• I²C Pull-up Resistors - This three way jumper labeled I2C connects two pull-up resistors to the I²C data lines. If you have many devices on your I²C data lines, then you may consider cutting these.
• WP - Adding solder to the jumper pad will disable write protect for the EEPROM.
• 3V3 - The jumper on the opposite side of the board with the label 3V3 is connected to the 3V3 LED. Cutting this jumper will disable the LED.
• PPS - The jumper on the opposite side of the board with the label PPS is connected to the PPS LED. Cutting this jumper will disable the LED.
• Bus Select
  • SPI - Connecting the DSEL pin to the SPI with the 2-pin jumper enables the SPI data bus thus disabling the UART functions on those lines. This also disables I²C interface.
  • DSEL - This pin is connected to the NEO-M9N's D_SEL pin to select the interface. Connecting this pin to either side will select the communication protocol.
  • Serial/I2C - Connecting the DSEL pin to the Serial/I2C with the 2-pin jumper disables the SPI data bus while keeping the UART and I²C interface available. The UART and I²C can also be enabled if the DSEL pin is open and not connected to either side. We recommend keeping the 2-pin jumper connected to avoid misplacing the component.
• SAFEBOOT - The PTH pads labeled as SAFEBOOT is used to start up the IC in safe boot mode, this could be useful if you somehow manage to corrupt the module's Flash memory. Breakaway a row of 2-pins from the header, solder the pins to the board, and connect a 2-pin jumper to enable the mode.

Jumpers (Top View)	Jumpers (Bottom View)

GPS Capabilities

The SparkFun GNSS Function Board NEO-M9N is able to connect to up to four different GNSS constellations at a time making it very accurate for its size. Below are the listed capabilities of the GPS unit when connecting to multiple GNSS constellations and when connecting to a single constellation.

When using a single GNSS constellation:

Hardware Pinout

Depending on your window size, you may need to use the horizontal scroll bar at the bottom of the table to view the additional pin functions. Note that the M.2 connector pins on opposing sides are offset from each other as indicated by the bottom pins where it says (Not Connected)*. There is no connection to pins that have a "-" under the primary function.

• MicroMod GNSS Function Board - NEO-M9N Pinout Table
• MicroMod General Pinout Table
• MicroMod General Pin Descriptions

Board Dimensions

The board uses the standard MicroMod Function Board size which measures about 1.50"x2.56".

Hardware Assembly

If you have not already, make sure to check out the Getting Started with MicroMod: Hardware Hookup for information on inserting your Processor and Function Boards to the Main Board.

Insert your chosen Processor and GNSS Function board at an angle into the M.2 connector. The Processor Board will stick up at an angle (at around 25°).

Hold down each board, insert the screws, and to tighten.

After securing the Processor and Function Board to the Main Board, your setup should look like the image below.

Insert the u.FL adapter to the MicroMod GNSS Function Board. Connect the patch antenna to the other end of the u.FL adapter. The SMA connector just needs to be finger tight to secure the antenna to the adapter..

Connect a USB Type C Cable to power and program your Processor Board. In this case, we used the MicroMod Main Board - Single and MicroMod Artemis Processor. This will also power the MicroMod GNSS Function Board.

For users that want to connect the NEO-M9N to u-blox's u-center, insert a second USB Type C cable to the MicroMod GNSS Function Board's USB C connector.

Software Installation

Arduino Board Definitions and Driver

We'll assume that you installed the necessary board files and drivers for your Processor Board. In this case, we used the MicroMod Artemis Processor Board which uses the CH340 USB-to-serial converter. If you are using a Processor Board, make sure to check out its hookup guide for your Processor Board.

Arduino Library

All of our u-blox based GPS boards share the same library: this board, their predeccesors and the higher precisionu-blox cousins. The SparkFun u-blox Arduino library can be downloaded with the Arduino library manager by searching 'SparkFun u-blox GNSS' or you can grab the zip here from the GitHub repository to manually install:

There are several example sketches provided that utilize the I²C bus to get you up and receiving messages from space. We'll go over one of the examples in this tutorial.

Main Board Example - Pin Connection Table

For NEO-M9N specific pins, here is the mapping between the function board and main board's processor pins. For the following examples, we are using the Artemis Processor Board.

Arduino Example

We're just going to look at example two (i.e. "Example2_NMEAParsing.ino") which in my opinion, makes it clear the awesomeness of these GPS receivers. That is to say, talking to satellites and finding out where in the world you are.

language:c
#include <Wire.h> //Needed for I2C to GPS

#include "SparkFun_u-blox_GNSS_Arduino_Library.h" //Click here to get the library: http://librarymanager/All#SparkFun_u-blox_GNSS
SFE_UBLOX_GNSS myGNSS;

void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial.println("SparkFun u-blox Example");

  Wire.begin();

  if (myGNSS.begin() == false)
  {
    Serial.println(F("u-blox GNSS module not detected at default I2C address. Please check wiring. Freezing."));
    while (1);
  }

  //This will pipe all NMEA sentences to the serial port so we can see them
  myGNSS.setNMEAOutputPort(Serial);
}

void loop()
{
  myGNSS.checkUblox(); //See if new data is available. Process bytes as they come in.

  delay(250); //Don't pound too hard on the I2C bus
}

When you upload this code you'll have to wait ~24s to get a lock onto any satellites. After that first lock, the backup battery on the board will provide power to some internal systems that will allow for a hot start the next time you turn on the board. The hot start only lasts four hours, but allows you to get a lock within one second. After you get a lock the serial terminal will start listing longitude and latitude coordinates, as seen below. Make sure to set the serial monitor to 115200 baud.

Troubleshooting

Resources and Going Further

Ready to get hands-on with GPS?

We've got a page just for you! We'll walk you through the basics of how GPS works, the hardware needed, and project tutorials to get you started.

Take me there!

Now that you've successfully got your MicroMod GNSS Function Board - NEO-M9N up and running, it's time to incorporate it into your own project! For more information, check out the resources below.

Hardware Documentation

• Schematic (PDF)
• Eagle Files (ZIP)
• Board Dimensions (PNG)
• Building a GPS System
• u-blox NEO-M9N Documents & Resources
  • Datasheet (PDF)
  • Product Summary (PDF)
  • Integration Manual (PDF)
  • u-blox Protocol Specification (PDF)
  • u-blox ECCN (PDF)
  • u-center Software
• SparkFun u-blox GNSS Arduino Library
• GitHub Hardware Repo

MicroMod Documentation

• Getting Started with MicroMod
• Designing with MicroMod
• MicroMod Info Page
• MicroMod Forums

Or check out other tutorials related to GPS and GNSS:

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