Introduction
If you have been wanting to design your own 3D printed object, Tinkercad is a great starting point. Advanced modelers may prefer programs like Fusion 360, SolidWorks, and Blender, but these can have a steep learning curve. If you are looking to design your own 3D printed object in a modeling software, Tinkercad can get you there in no time.
This tutorial will walk you through designing a simple project box. It has been designed to hold an Arduino Pro Mini. While this may seem fairly useless, you are encouraged to change the dimensions to meet the needs of your own project.
![3D printed project enclosure designed using Tinkercad]()
Required Materials
You will not need any components to follow along with the modeling part of this tutorial. Should you wish to print and build the box, you will need access to a 3D printer. This tutorial shows you how to use the Cura (LulzBot Edition) slicer program and print on a LulzBot.
Note: If you do not personally own a 3D printer, check your local makerspace, school, or library to see if they have one you can use. You can also upload your design file to a service like
Shapeways to have it fabricated and shipped to you for a price.
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The LulzBot® TAZ 6 is the most reliable, easiest-to-use desktop 3D printer ever, featuring innovative self-leveling and self…
2Suggested Reading
Depending on your 3D printer, you will want to be familiar with its basic operation. This guide shows you how to operate the LulzBot TAZ 5, but many printers have a similar operation. These documents might be helpful:
Taking Measurements
The advantage of 3D printing your project enclosure is that you get to make it the exact size of your project! You’re also able to add any features, such as mounting holes and side ports to access USB, power, etc.
To start, lay your parts (electronics, motors, switches, etc.) on a flat surface, and orient them in a way that you think is the most space efficient. For this tutorial, we’ll create a box that fits the Arduino Pro Mini, but you can modify the dimensions to fit your own project. Use a ruler or set of calipers to measure the outer dimensions of your project (also known as the “footprint”). This is the minimum amount of area we’ll need in the base of the box.
Note: Click on any of the pictures to enlarge them.
Let’s start by measuring the length (remember, this can be anything: a collection of PCBs, candy, your perpetual motion machine, etc.).
![Using calipers to measure the length of the project piece(s)]()
Then, let’s measure the width of the board.
![Using calipers to measure the width of the project piece(s)]()
The electronics portion of the project (just the Pro Mini in this example) has a footprint of 1.326 x 0.723 inches. This guide shows things in inches, as most of the SparkFun boards were created with the Imperial system. Feel free to change to Metric. Next, we want to measure the maximum height of the pieces to be enclosed.
![Using calipers to measure the height of the project piece(s)]()
As you can see, the maximum height of the Pro Mini (with headers) is 0.457 inches.
We’ll want to round up our measurements to allow for some wiggle room in the enclosure. For this example project, we’ll use the following dimensions for the required cavity size:
- Length: 1.4 inches
- Width: 0.8 inches
- Height: 0.5 inches
To attach a lid to our enclosure, we’ll want to add some screw holes to the box as well as create a lid with similarly placed holes. We’ll print both of these items at the same time.
![Lining up holes on the 3D printed lid with the rest of the box]()
There are several ways to attach screws to a 3D printed object. One of the most robust methods is to use heat-set inserts. You can use use a soldering iron to push these into an opening, which melts the plastic. Once it cools, the insert will be firmly embedded in the plastic, and you can use them as screw taps.
For our quick-and-easy enclosure, we’ll just make holes slightly smaller than the screw size so that the thread bites into the plastic. It won’t hold as well as a heat-set insert, but it should be good enough for prototyping purposes. Ideally, you will want self-tapping screws intended for plastic, but machine screws will work in a pinch.
For more information on how to join 3D printed parts using screws/bolts, including heat-set inserts, see this article.
3DHubs: How to Assemble 3D Printed Parts Threaded Fasteners
We’ll be using #4-40 screws to affix the lid to the enclosure. As a result, we’ll want to look up the sizes of the holes we’ll need. Take a look at this tap and drill size chart from Michigan Tech. You can see that for a #4-40 screw, we’ll need to drill a hole with a diameter of 0.0890 inches (tap drill size) for the screw’s threads to bite into the material. These holes will be put into the base of the enclosure. For the lid, we’ll want the screws to be able to freely spin, so we’ll use the free fit drill size, which is 0.1285 inches.
Most fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printers, like our LulzBot, do not have great tolerances or resolution (e.g. down to the 0.001 inch). The molten plastic that comes out of the extruder also has a habit of “melting” a bit around the edges, which can cause holes to shrink. In addition, using self-tapping screws forces some of the material to move out of the way, which can cause stress and fractures in the plastic. As a result, we’ll need to oversize the drill holes by 0.01 to 0.02 inches.
Read the tap drill size and the free fit size from the chart, round up, and oversize it by about 0.01 inch:
- Enclosure screw hole (tap): 0.0890 inches → 0.100 inches
- Lid screw hole (free fit): 0.1285 inches → 0.140 inches
From here, it can help to sketch out what we want the enclosure and lid to look like. Adding dimensions will help us when we go to model it in the next section. Just to give us even more room, let’s round up the required cavity space to the nearest 0.5 inches. Because the posts in the corners (that hold the screws) are each 0.25 x 0.25 inches, this will make our entire enclosure’s footprint come out nicely to 2.0 x 1.5 inches.
![Sketch of dimensions of enclosure box and lid]()
We’ll use these dimensions in the next section to model the box in Tinkercad.
Modeling in Tinkercad
Create a New Design
Navigate to tinkercad.com, and sign up for a new account (if you don’t have one already).
Tinkercad
Once you’ve logged in, make sure 3D Designs is selected on the left and click Create new design.
![Creating a new design in Tinkercad]()
You’ll be presented with a blank workplane and a number of shapes on the right side. The basics of Tinkercad are simple: you drag a shape onto the workplane, modify it, and combine it with other shapes. If you right-click and drag on the workplane, it will rotate. If you middle-click and drag on the workplane, it will pan. Try playing around with rotating and panning your workplane to get a feel for how it works.
![Rotating and panning the workplane in Tinkercad]()
We’ll want to work in inches for this project, so click Edit Grid in the bottom right of the Tinkercad window. You should get a pop-up with some options. Change Units to Inches.
![Change the units to inches in Tinkercad]()
Click Update Grid. At the top left, you should see the name of your project, which should have been given some random sequence of words (for example, mine was named “Fantic Wluff-Gaaris”). You can click on the name and change it to anything you’d like. I’ll keep mine as Fantic Wluff-Gaaris because it’s awesome (albeit not terribly descriptive).
Lay the Foundation
Click on the red box (from the list of shapes on the right side), and drag it to somewhere near the middle of the workplane. Note that everything we do is relative to the workplane, and we can move the workplane to make things easier (which we’ll do in a future step).
![Adding a box to the workplane in Tinkercad]()
Zoom in on the box using the buttons on the left side (or your mouse wheel). Rotate and pan the workplane as necessary to get a good view of your box. With the box selected, click on the red color swatch above the word Solid on the object properties window. From there, you can select the color of your box. No, it won’t affect the color of the print (that comes from the color of the filament that we’ll choose), but it might make your 3D model easier to see in Tinkercad. I’ll leave mine as red; it’s a good color.
![Change the color of an object in Tinkercad]()
Click on one of the corners (gray squares), and you should see the footprint dimensions of the box appear on the workplane (you can see that the footprint of the box is 1 x 1 inches).
![Clicking a node to edit the dimensions on an object in Tinkercad]()
Click on one of the dimensions to edit it.
![Editing the dimensions of a box in Tinkercad]()
We’ll make this dimension the width of the enclosure, so type 1.5 and press enter. Click on the other dimension (the length, in our case), and enter 2.0. Your cube should turn into a rectangular box.
![Changing the dimensions of a box in Tinkercad]()
Click on the height node (gray box in the middle of the top of your box object). This will display the height (in inches) of your box.
![Clicking on the height node of a box in Tinkercad]()
Click on the dimension (1 in this case) and change it to 0.1. In my experience, 0.1 inches is a good thickness for walls for an enclosure like this. Any thinner, and they become quite flimsy.
![Changing the height of an object in Tinkercad]()
This box will act as the base of our enclosure. We will build the screw posts and walls up around it. However, the lid for our enclosure looks exactly like this base (but with screw holes). To make life easier, let’s just copy this base. Click on the box, and then click the Duplicate button on the top left.
![Duplicate an object in Tinkercad]()
You should now have two of the same boxes taking up the same space. Click on one and drag it over a few inches, making sure to leave a gap between them.
![Moving the copied box in Tinkercad]()
At this point, we should have the foundation for the base of the enclosure as well as the lid.
Drill Holes in the Lid
Let’s make screw holes in the lid next. Above the red box and orange cylinder objects on the right pane, you should see a box and cylinder with gray stripes. These are “hole” objects that are useful for cutting, notching, and drilling into other objects. It’s helpful to think of them as negative objects that subtract parts from other objects.
Drag one of the gray striped cylinders to the workplane and change the width and height dimensions to 0.14 inches (remember from the drawing: the screw holes in the lid need to have a diameter of 0.14 inches). The height doesn’t matter, as we’ll be using these to “drill” into the lid (so long as it’s at least as tall as the lid).
![Creating a hole cylinder in Tinkercad]()
Because everything is relative in Tinkercad (there is no 0,0 origin, unless you create an arbitrary one with the ruler–but we won’t need to do that for this tutorial), we will need to align the cylinder with the corner of our lid and move it from there to precisely place it. Select both the cylinder and the second box we created (left-click and drag a selection around them, or hold shift and click on both the cylinder and box).
![Selecting multiple objects in Tinkercad]()
In the upper-right corner, select the Align button. You should see several black dots appear around both of your selected objects. If you hover your mouse over one of these dots, you should see an outline of where the objects will move to should you click it. But don’t click!
![Moving objects with align in Tinkercad]()
We don’t want both objects to move! We just want the cylinder to move in relation to the box. To accomplish this, click on the box (the one that we have selected). You should see the set of black dots disappear and another set appear around the box. This indicates that the box will stay still and the cylinder will align with the box (instead of both objects moving). Hover your mouse over the bottom black dot on the left side. You should see an outline of where the cylinder will move.
![Aligning the cylinder with the box]()
Click the black dot (bottom dot on the left side) to move the cylinder. This aligns the bottom of the cylinder with the bottom of the box.
![Align the bottom of one object with the bottom of another in Tinkercad]()
Click the left-most dot on the bottom side of the box to align the left side of the cylinder with the left side of the box.
![Aligning the left side of two objects in Tinkercad]()
If we were to subtract the cylinder from the box to get our hole right now, we’d end up with some edges of the walls with 0 thickness, which doesn’t make for a very strong mounting hole. To fix this, we need to move the cylinder in toward the center of the box by a small amount.
We want the screw holes to line up in the center of the posts, which have a footprint of 0.25 x 0.25 inches. This means that the center of each post is 0.125 in from each side of the corner. Right now, the center of the cylinder is 0.07 inches away from each side of the corner. This means that we need to move the post 0.055 inches in from each side in order to line up with the center of the post (0.125 - 0.07 = 0.055). Here is a diagram of how we came to that measurement:
![Diagram of holes lining up with enclosure and lid]()
Click on the cylinder and begin to drag it toward the center of the box. You should see a couple of numbers appear showing how much you’re moving the object in the X and Y directions (along the plane–note that we can’t move objects in the Z direction by dragging them).
![Manually moving a hole in Tinkercad]()
Click on one of those numbers to edit it. Pay attention to the sign! If you see a negative sign (for example, in the picture above), you need to keep your number negative. We need to precisely move the hole in 0.055 inches from the sides. From the picture above, change -¼ to -0.055 and change 0.235 to 0.055.
![Entering precise measurements to move an object in Tinkercad]()
Duplicate the cylinder, and align it to another corner.
![Duplicating and aligning an object in Tinkercad]()
Move the cylinder in toward the center, and edit the values so that it moves exactly 0.055 and 0.055 inches (remember to watch your signs!).
![Moving an object by numbers in Tinkercad]()
Repeat this process for the other two corners. You should have 4 “hole” cylinders in the corners, and each should be 0.055 inches away from their closest walls.
![Four hole cylinders in the corner of a box]()
Click and drag a selection box around the lid and four cylinders (or hold shift and select each object). Make sure you do not select the other box!
![Selecting multiple objects in Tinkercad]()
In the top right corner, click the Group button. This will combine any selected objects into one object. Solid shapes (like our boxes) will be added together. Negative shapes (like our “hole” cylinders) will be subtracted from solid shapes. This has the effect of “drilling” or “carving” out shapes. You should see our lid with 4 holes drilled in the corners.
![Adding drill holes in Tinkercad]()
Make the Posts
We need to make the posts on the main enclosure body next, but first, we need to move the workplane. The workplane is the 2-dimensional area that provides an area for objects to be created on, and we can move it to be parallel with any surface of an object we’ve already created. By moving it up to be in line with the top of the enclosure’s foundation, we can make the posts directly on the top of the foundation. That way, we don’t have to move the posts up (in the Z direction) later.
Click on the Workplane button in the top right of the window. You should see a square with a cone sticking out of it appear on your cursor. Hover over the top of the foundation. The square shows the orientation of the plane (parallel to the top of the foundation), and the cone shows the direction of positive Z (positive Z will be up away from the top of the foundation).
![Moving the workplane in Tinkercad]()
Click, and you should see the workplane move to the top of the foundation and turn yellow (to show that it is a user-defined workplane as opposed to the blue default workplane).
![New workplane in Tinkercad]()
Add another solid box to the workplane. Change the footprint (X and Y) dimensions to 0.25 inches each.
![Making box posts in Tinkercad]()
Change the height to 0.5 inches. The height of the posts determine the amount of space in the Z direction in the enclosure.
![Changing the height of the box]()
Use the Align tool to line up the corner of the post with a corner of the foundation.
![Aligning the box with a box corner in Tinkercad]()
Duplicate the box 3 times and align each of them in a different corner of the foundation.
![Posts in the corner of the enclosure]()
Build the Walls
At this point, we’ll want to add walls to the sides of the box, connecting our posts. Drag a box object to the workplane, and change the X and Y dimensions to 1.0 inches and 0.1 inches. Remember, the width of the box is 1.5 inches. Subtract the width of 2 posts (2 x 0.25 inches), and we get 1.5 - (2 x 0.25) = 1.0 inches. 0.1 inches is the thickness of the wall, which is the same as the box foundation and lid.
![Constructed box wall in Tinkercad]()
Change the height of the wall to 0.5 inches (which is the same height as the posts).
![Changing the height of the walls]()
We want this wall to span between posts on the shorter side of the box. If you need to rotate the wall, drag and move the double-sided, curved arrow that’s flush with the workplane. Rotate the wall 90 degrees or -90 degrees so that it is parallel with the short side of the box.
![Rotate an object in Tinkercad]()
Highlight the wall and the foundation. Click the Align button. Click on the foundation to make the aligning dots appear around it. Click the dot in the middle of the short side to center the wall with the foundation.
![Using the Align tool to center an object in Tinkercad]()
Click the dot on the bottom of the left side to position the wall between the posts.
![Using the Align tool in Tinkercad to line up two objects]()
Duplicate the newly created wall and use the align tool to line it up on the opposite side.
![Duplicate the object in Tinkercad to create the opposite wall]()
Drag in a new box object, and change the X and Y dimensions to 0.1 inches and 1.5 inches. The length of the box is 2.0 inches, so 2.0 - (2 x 0.25) = 1.5 inches. Change the height to 0.5 inches.
![Creating a new wall object in Tinkercad]()
Rotate the wall as necessary, and align it between two posts, constructing the wall along the length of the box.
![Rotating and aligning the wall with the rest of the design in Tinkercad]()
Duplicate the wall, and move the copy to the other side of the box.
![Completing the construction of the fourth wall in Tinkercad]()
Drill Some Holes
Drag a cylinder hole object to the workplane. Change the width and length both to 0.1 inches.
![Adding a cylinder hole object to a design in Tinkercad]()
Note: You should not need to adjust the height of the cylinder for this box, but if you are making a box that has walls taller than 1 inch, you will need to modify the height so that it is taller than the walls.
Use the Align tool to center the cylinder in the middle of one of the posts.
![Aligning the cylinder hole object with a solid object in Tinkercad]()
Copy the cylinder 3 times, and line them up in the middle of each post.
![alt text]()
Select one post and its associated cylinder. Click the Group button to drill out the cylinder from the post.
![Click the Group button in Tinkercad to subtract a hole object from a solid object]()
Repeat this process for the other 3 posts and cylinders.
![Drill holes in the posts to create screw holes in Tinkercad]()
If you move the camera around, you should see that the holes are drilled into the posts but do not punch through the base. That’s because we set the workplane at the top of the base, and any shapes we created stop at the workplane!
Finishing Touches
You could probably print these shapes as-is, but it’s always helpful to do a little clean up and verify that everything lines up.
If you need to move the workplane back to its starting position, you can click on the Workplane button in the top right, and hover your mouse over the yellow workplane. You should see the plane cursor (square and cone) turn blue and white.
![Reset the workplane in Tinkercad]()
Click to reset the workplane back to its default position, where it should turn blue.
![Wokplane returned to its original position in Tinkercad]()
Right now, the box (minus the lid) is a collection of objects. Some printers may print it as one part, and some may not. It can help to group these objects to tell our slicer program that we want it to be one solid object. Select all the objects in the bottom part of the box (i.e. everything but the lid).
![Highlighting all the components in the base of the enclosure in Tinkercad]()
Click the Group button, and all the objects should combine into one.
![Multiple objects in Tinkercad grouped into one shape]()
If you’d like to check that all the screw holes line up, you can move the lid to the top of the box, and look down the holes. Use the Align tool to move the lid precisely to the top. You might need to move the lid up slightly on the z-axis so that it’s not inside the box.
![Verifying that the holes line up in Tinkercad]()
Move the camera around to each of the holes to make sure everything is lined up. Once you’ve verified that the holes look good, press the Undo button (you can also use the keyboard shorcuts ctrl + z or command + z) a couple of times to reverse the changes.
For many printers, we can’t print directly from Tinkercad (especially for LulzBot). We need to export our design as a .stl or .obj file and then import it into a slicer program. In the top-right of Tinkercad, press the Export button. You should be greeted with a pop-up. The .obj file format is a more complex collection of files, and the .stl format is easier to work with. With our simple print, we’ll go with .stl, so click on the .STL button to download your exported design.
![Export your design from Tinkercad as a .stl file to a Slicer program for 3D printing]()
Using the Slicer
A Slicer is a program that reads 3D models (for example, saved in an .stl or .obj file format) and translates them to the individual layers needed by the 3D printer. The program then generates machine code (often in g-code format) that can be read by the printer.
Note: This tutorial shows how to print on a
LulzBot TAZ 5 3D printer, which uses the
Cura LulzBot Edition Slicer software. Other LulzBot printers work very similarly. If you are using another printer, you will need to use another Slicer program intended to generate machine code for that printer. For a list of potential Slicer programs, see
this article.
To start, download the Cura LulzBot Edition software:
Get Cura LulzBot Edition
Run the downloader, and follow any necessary steps to install it on your system.
When the program first runs, it should ask you to select a 3D printer. If not, select Settings > Printer > Add Printer…. You should get a pop-up asking you to choose a printer. Select LulzBot TAZ 5 (or whichever LulzBot model you have), and click Add Printer.
![Selecting a printer from Cura LulzBot Edition]()
Select File > Open File(s)…, choose your exported .stl file (Frantic Wluff-Gaaris.stl for me), and click Open.
![Opening a .stl file in Cura to slice]()
Your model should appear on the bed. Feel free to click and drag the model around to move it to a different location on the bed. This can be helpful if you want to print multiple things at once.
![Moving the part to the middle of the print bed in Cura]()
On the right side, leave Category as All. Click the drop-down menu for Material and select the type of material you are planning to use for your print. I plan to use ABS plastic manufactured by IC3D, so I’ll select that.
![Selecting your material in Cura]()
For Profile, you can leave it as High Speed, as our enclosure is really meant for functionality. You’re welcome to add some aesthetics to the model and print it with Standard or High Quality, if you wish.
Because we are printing an object that is meant to accept tapping screws (e.g. the threads bite into the material), it’s recommended that we print with at least 50% infill. Infill is the area inside the walls of the print (with 0%, our print would be hollow). So, select 50% for Infill.
We don’t need support, so leave that unchecked. Support means that material will be added underneath the part to help support angles, overhands, and other pieces that are not flat on the bed.
You can leave Build Plate Adhesion as Skirt, but when printing with a large, flat area (like our box) and a high temperature material (like ABS), it’s recommended that you select Brim. If you would like to learn more about skirts, brims, and rafts, check out this article.
![Configure settings to print our enclosure in Cura]()
You can print to many printers directly from your computer (e.g. over USB). Without a dedicated computer attached to your 3D printer, you will need an SD card to store your machine code (at least for the LulzBot printers). For the TAZ 5, you need a full sized SD card (or a micro SD card with full sized adapter) and some way to read/write files to the SD card from your computer.
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7Plug the SD card into your computer, and it should enumerate as a drive. In Cura, click the Save to File button in the lower right corner. Navigate to your SD card and save the file. Remember the file name, as you’ll need to select it on the printer!
![Export g-code from Cura for our 3D printer]()
Printing the Box
With the g-code saved on the SD card, it’s time to print!
Note: These instructions show how to set up and print on a
LulzBot TAZ 5 3D printer. Most of the other TAZ printers operate very similarly. If you have another type of 3D printer, refer to the instruction manual or quickstart guide for printing.
Before you begin pre-heating and printing, you will want to choose a material. For this simple project, we recommend ABS or PLA. If you’re curious, Nick has a great video showing you the differences among a few different types of material:
Pre-heat the Extruder and Bed
The extruder needs to reach a particular temperature in order to melt the desired material, and the bed must be heated in order to keep the material warm after it comes out of the extruder. This prevents warping in your print.
On your LulzBot TAZ, press in on the control knob to bring up the menu. Twist the knob to select Prepare, and click in again. Select Preheat PLA or Preheat ABS, depending on your material. Click in once more to begin the heating process.
Be careful! Make sure you are preheating to the required temperature for your material. Take a look at your spool of material to verify that it is ABS, PLA, etc., and select the required pre-heating option on your printer.
![Preheat your 3D printer for your selected material]()
Wait 5-10 minutes while the extruder and bed reach the preheating temperature. You can look at the LCD to see the current temperature and target temperature. Once the current temperature equals the target temperature, you can move on to the next step.
![Monitoring the temperature rise while preheating a 3D printer]()
Optional: Change Material/Color
Once your extruder and bed have reached the necessary temperature, you can change out the material.
Heads up! If you plan to change the type of material (e.g. there is ABS in the printer and you want to switch to PLA), you will want to heat the extruder to the temperature required for the material with the higher melting point (for example, ABS requires a higher temperature than PLA). Once you clear out the nozzle of the former material, switch to the temperature required by the new material.
Remove the current material by gently squeezing the idler latch against the bolt heads on the extruder, and flip up the latch. Rotate the idler assembly down to allow access to the material feed on the extruder.
![Opening the idler assembly to replace the filament in a LulzBot]()
Carefully pull the filament out of the extruder.
![Exchanging the filament in a LulzBot TAZ 5 printer]()
Holding the filament spool, carefully pull the material out through the feed tube, and wrap it around the spool for storage.
![Pulling the filament out of a 3D printer]()
Grab the new material, and place it on the filament arm. Find the end of the spool, and feed the filament through the feed tube until it pokes out near the extruder.
![Feeding filament to a 3D printer]()
Grab the end of the filament (the part that’s poking out of the feed tube), and poke it through the feed hole in the extruder. Slowly increase the amount of pressure in order to manually feed the filament through the extruder. It should melt and begin coming out of the extruder nozzle. At first, you should see the old color/material, as most extruders will retain some material even after you pulled out the filament. You might see a blending of colors. Keep pushing until the extruded material appears the same color as the new filament. This process can take 10-20 seconds.
![Changing filament colors in a 3D printer]()
Use a set of tweezers to remove the extruded material.
Danger! The nozzle of the extruder is very hot. Do not touch it!
![Removing excess material from a 3D printer after replacing material]()
Move the idler assembly back into place (the new filament should fit into the notch in the idler). Swing the idler latch down to clamp the idler, locking it into place.
![Lock the new material in place with the idler assembly and latch]()
Print!
Insert the SD card into the side of the printer.
![Insert the SD card in your 3D printer]()
Press in on the control knob, twist the knob to highlight Print from SD, and press in again to select it.
![Select your file to print]()
Highlight your .gcode file (verify it’s the same filename that you saved from your slicer program!), and press the knob to select it. Once you do, the printer will automatically calibrate and start printing.
It’s recommended that you watch the print for the first few minutes to make sure that your first layer sticks to the bed properly. Don’t worry if the skirt/brim doesn’t print right. It might take a few seconds for the material to begin sticking. Only cancel the print if the first layer of the actual object does not stick.
![3D printer creating the skirt and first layer]()
Your slicer program or the 3D printer should give you an estimate of how long it will take to print. The box we made should take around 1.5 hours. You may want to set a timer, and check back around then. After the print is done, you will want to wait a few minutes for the extruder and bed to automatically cool off. Use a a flat object, like a clam knife, to pry the part(s) off the print bed.
![3D printed enclosure with brim]()
Assemble the Box
Use a hobby knife or clippers to trim off any excess pieces, such as the brim (if you printed with one). If you wish, you can use some sanding paper to smooth out any rough edges.
![Trimming off the brim of a 3D printed object]()
Since we did not place any mounting holes for our Arduino Pro Mini in the box, we will need to adhere the PCB using some double-sided tape or hot glue. Servo tape works really well. Cut a piece just big enough to cover the back of the PCB, remove the outer layer, and press the board into the 3D printed box (you might need more than one layer of tape if there are components or header pins sticking through the bottom side).
![Applying servo tape to the back of an Arduino Pro Mini]()
The lid holes were designed to accept #4-40 screws. Ideally, you will want self-tapping screws that are around 3/8 inches in length. However, ¼ inch machine screws will work decently enough. Place the lid over the box and use a screwdriver to tighten the screws.
![Securing the box lid with screws]()
And you’re done! You should have a completed, custom-designed enclosure for your electronics project.
![Completed 3D printed enclosure]()
Yes, we know that a box that just holds a Pro Mini is almost completely useless. However, you should have enough knowledge to make the box bigger, add ports on the side to connect cables/sensors/batteries, or give it mounting holes. Go nuts!
Troubleshooting
3D printing is still a relatively new technology, and it’s only just become affordable for home and classroom use. As a result, it’s still not quite a push-button-get-print operation. It’s only natural that some things might go wrong or that your printer requires some maintenance. Once again, please refer to the manual for your specific printer to learn how to operate it and make adjustments/repairs!
Warping
If your part has lifted corners on the bottom, it usually means that the material was cooling and shrinking. This shrinkage might be severe enough (especially on larger prints) that it pulls away from the print bed.
![Warping on a 3D printed part]()
ABS plastic usually requires a hotter extruder to melt (vs. PLA), and as a result, is more prone to warping. You can try switching to PLA or tell your slicer program that you want to try printing with a brim (think of it like the brim of a hat) or raft.
![Choosing to add a brim in Cura]()
A brim will print material around and connected to the first layer (unlike a skirt, which is not connected). This has the effect of helping the first layer stick to the bed. However, it does mean you have to trim off the brim once the print is done.
![3D printed part printed with brim]()
A raft will place some material underneath your part (i.e. your part is sitting on a raft of material). This should help with your part sticking to the bed even more, but it means you have even more to trim away when you’re done. Rafts should be used when there is not a flat surface on the bottom of your part that will allow for good bed adhesion.
If you would like to learn more about skirts, brims, and rafts, see this article.
Uneven Bottom Surface
If you see large bubbles forming on your print bed, you will likely end up with an uneven print.
![Bubbles on a 3D printer bed]()
You can use something like a putty knife to try and move the bubbles after the bed has been heated, but you’re only delaying the inevitable. Large bubbles usually mean that the PEI heated bed needs to be replaced. If you have a LulzBot, you can find instructions to replace the bed.
Uneven or Peeling Layers
If you notice that some of the layers are not level or sticking together, you may have drafts of cool air moving through your print job. This can be fixed by moving your printer to a location away from any vents, doors, or windows. Alternatively, many 3D printing enthusiasts choose to build an enclosure around their printer to prevent any air from moving over their parts while they’re being printed. It can be as simple as some cardboard or a piece of cloth.
![3D printer inside an enclosure to prevent air drafts]()
Filament Not Coming Out
There could be several reasons that the filament is not coming out of the extruder:
- Make sure the extruder is heated to the appropriate temperature for the material
- Try carefully pushing the material through the extruder manually to see if you can start the flow
- Adjust the tension on the idler latch
If you have just changed out the type of material and are set at a lower temperature (for example, you had ABS in the machine and you are switching to PLA), you may need to raise the temperature for the former material in order to clear out the nozzle. Pre-heat the machine for the material requiring the highest temperature (e.g. ABS requires a higher temperature to melt than PLA), manually feed the new material through to clear out the nozzle, and then reset the temperature back to that required by the new material.
If you can manually feed the material, but it is not flowing during the printing process, you may need to adjust the tension on the idler latch in order to have the printer “grip” the filament better. Simply tighten the idler latch screws slightly, and tell the machine to extrude some material (on a LulzBot TAZ 5, you can find that in the menu: Prepare > Move Axis > 1 mm > Extruder).
![Tighten the screws on the idler latch on a TAZ 5 to get the filament to flow]()
More Troubleshooting
Found an issue that is not listed above? Besides checking the forums for your specific printer, there are websites that document common print issues. Here’s one guide that we found to be quite extensive:
Simplify3D - Print Quality Troubleshooting Guide
Resources and Going Further
This tutorial was intended to give you a starting point for your 3D printing adventures, specifically how you might use 3D printed objects to enhance your electronics projects. Once you feel comfortable with Tinkercad, try making shapes and objects of your own design!
- More 3D printing troubleshooting - Printing can be a finicky process. Check out this troubleshooting guide (complete with pictures!) if you still can’t get your print to look right.
- Tinkercad Tutorials - A good place to start if you want to get better at Tinkercad.
- Cura LulzBot Edition User Manual - A good place to go if you need help with Cura
- LulzBot TAZ 5 User Manual - A good thing to read to learn how to use and take care of your TAZ 5 printer. Other 3D printers should have their own manuals. We recommend Reading The Full Manual.
- Cura Source Code - Want to dig into the source code for a slicer program? Here’s your chance!
- TAZ 5 Source Code - Wait, what? That’s right. The LulzBot line of printers are all open source!
- Project Box on Tinkercad - If you really want to skip all the fun of modeling your own (and just want to copy my design to play with), here you go.
Want to get some cool 3D printing ideas? Check out these tutorials:
Boss Alarm
Build a Boss Alarm that alerts you of anyone walking into your office and automatically changes your computer screen.
GPS Differential Vector Pointer
Use GPS to have two objects, a base and a target, point towards one another. This can be used to aim a directional antenna (or in the case of this project, a laser) from one object to the other object at a distance that is only limited by your ability to provide the base station with the target's GPS location.
Or check out some of these blog posts for ideas:
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